{"id":21212,"date":"2022-02-21T08:43:36","date_gmt":"2022-02-21T08:43:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mamakiya.org\/?p=21212"},"modified":"2022-05-04T09:45:30","modified_gmt":"2022-05-04T09:45:30","slug":"der-internationale-tag-der-muttersprache","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mamakiya.org\/es_pe\/blog\/der-internationale-tag-der-muttersprache\/","title":{"rendered":"El D\u00eda de la Lengua Materna y su significado"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Der 21. Februar ist der Internationale Tag der Muttersprache. Die Idee daf\u00fcr geht auf eine Initiative Bangladeschs zur\u00fcck und wurde auf der UNESCO-Generalkonferenz 1999 beschlossen. Diesen Tag nehmen wir zum Anlass, um auf die gro\u00dfe Bedeutung der sprachlichen Vielfalt\u00a0 aufmerksam zu machen. MamaKiya bezeichnet sich in diesem Zusammenhang als Quechua-Verein und sieht es als notwendig an, dar\u00fcber zu sprechen<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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La p\u00e9rdida de las lenguas<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Hoy en d\u00eda se siguen hablando unas 6.500 lenguas en todo el mundo. La mitad de la poblaci\u00f3n mundial habla una de las 19 \"lenguas principales\", como el chino, el ingl\u00e9s o el espa\u00f1ol. La otra mitad de la humanidad, en cambio, habla una de las m\u00e1s de 6.000 \"peque\u00f1as lenguas\", entre ellas el quechua y el aymara. Seg\u00fan estimaciones de la UNESCO, casi la mitad de las lenguas actuales desaparecer\u00e1n a finales del siglo XXI. Esto afectar\u00e1 principalmente a las lenguas ind\u00edgenas.\u00a0<\/p>

La p\u00e9rdida de una lengua supone un empobrecimiento de la humanidad en todos los sentidos. Porque la lengua no es un mero medio de comunicaci\u00f3n; cada lengua capta y describe la realidad de una manera \u00fanica. As\u00ed, la p\u00e9rdida de una sola lengua conlleva tambi\u00e9n la p\u00e9rdida de posibles conocimientos sobre la condici\u00f3n humana. Cuando una lengua desaparece, tambi\u00e9n lo hacen los conocimientos y el patrimonio cultural inmaterial, como las artes esc\u00e9nicas, las pr\u00e1cticas sociales, los rituales y actos festivos, las artesan\u00edas. Tambi\u00e9n perdemos el inestimable patrimonio de las expresiones orales de la comunidad, como los chistes, los proverbios y las leyendas. Y sin embargo, cada quince d\u00edas se pierde una lengua en el mundo, esa es la triste realidad.\u00a0 El quechua, tambi\u00e9n llamado \"Runa Simi\", es la lengua materna m\u00e1s extendida en Sudam\u00e9rica y significa resistencia.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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La importancia de las lenguas ind\u00edgenas<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Las sociedades ind\u00edgenas prosperan gracias a sus lenguas, que transmiten y preservan los conocimientos y la cultura de forma sostenible.\u00a0 En la lucha com\u00fan contra el cambio clim\u00e1tico, las lenguas ind\u00edgenas y las cosmovisiones que encierran son esenciales y valiosas. En otras palabras, los mecanismos probados para el uso sostenible de los recursos naturales y la gesti\u00f3n de los ecosistemas existen ahora gracias a las cosmovisiones ind\u00edgenas transmitidas a trav\u00e9s de las lenguas ind\u00edgenas. Por tanto, la p\u00e9rdida de las lenguas ind\u00edgenas no es s\u00f3lo una p\u00e9rdida de historia, cultura y conocimiento, sino tambi\u00e9n de biodiversidad y sostenibilidad.<\/p>

Antes de la colonizaci\u00f3n de Am\u00e9rica del Sur en los siglos XVI y XVII, se calcula que hab\u00eda unas 2000 lenguas ind\u00edgenas; m\u00e1s de la mitad ya han desaparecido. Y por si esto no fuera suficientemente dram\u00e1tico, muchas de las 700 lenguas restantes est\u00e1n en peligro de extinci\u00f3n debido a la discriminaci\u00f3n estructural a la que se enfrentan. Por ello, la UNESCO ha proclamado el \"Decenio Internacional de las Lenguas Ind\u00edgenas\" de 2022 a 2032 para proteger las lenguas ind\u00edgenas del mundo.\u00a0<\/p>

Alrededor del 40% de la poblaci\u00f3n mundial no tiene acceso a la educaci\u00f3n en una lengua que hable o entienda. Esto se debe a que, aunque se ha avanzado en la educaci\u00f3n multiling\u00fce en lengua materna, sigue existiendo una colonizaci\u00f3n de la lengua, que ha llevado a la extinci\u00f3n de muchas lenguas ind\u00edgenas, entre otras. Sin embargo, la creciente comprensi\u00f3n de la importancia de la lengua materna, especialmente en los primeros a\u00f1os de escolarizaci\u00f3n, y el creciente compromiso con su desarrollo en la vida p\u00fablica m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de eso, ofrecen esperanza. En algunos pa\u00edses, las lenguas ind\u00edgenas, como el quechua y el aymara, han sido declaradas lenguas oficiales, pero el pensamiento de muchas personas a\u00fan no se ha descolonizado para que esta sabidur\u00eda deje de asociarse con el primitivismo o el analfabetismo.<\/p>

Autorin: Leoni Nordmann<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Der 21. Februar ist der Internationale Tag der Muttersprache. Die Idee daf\u00fcr geht auf eine Initiative Bangladeschs zur\u00fcck und wurde auf der UNESCO-Generalkonferenz 1999 beschlossen. Diesen Tag nehmen wir zum […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":21282,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDer Tag der Muttersprache - Quechua<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Der Internationale Tag der Muttersprache. 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